Tag Archives: server

Do we still need to tuning storage/SMB for PVS 7.* servers?

Recently I spent lots of time to check how to improve PVS 7.* server performance to reduce the vDisk loading time.
And it seems on the internet there are lots of articles talking about tuning storage (both storage server and PVS server) to enable ‘oplock’.
But I found that almost all these articles are based on PVS 5.* and windows 2003/2008.
So do we still need to tuning storage/SMB for PVS servers?

Citrix has a good article to answer this quetion:
https://www.citrix.com/blogs/2018/09/05/pvs-internals-4-vdisk-stores-and-smb3/

Just check the summary part:

Using file share storage for vDisks is still a valid and recommended approach, if sufficient capacity and high availability is in place. Especially in environments without redundant resp. highly available file services, I’d rather recommend local replicated vDisk stores instead of using just a single file server that definitely constitutes a single point of failure. And no one needs to invest in expensive file clustering solutions if its only purpose would be to provide file shares for vDisk storage.
Caching will help to significantly reduce the load on file servers or filers. Unlike earlier versions, there are no tuning requirements, neither for the PVS servers, nor for file servers. The defaults are perfectly fine. Sizing guidelines for PVS server memory (RAM) from past articles still apply.
Consider the caching behavior of the SMB redirector. There is a chance that shutting down all target devices connected to a particular vDisk will also remove the vDisk’s cache entries and the cache will need to be warmed up again on the next boot.
Leverage the latest SMB protocol if possible, at the time or writing this article it’s SMB 3.1.1. Not only Windows file servers support SMB3, but also modern filers such as NetApp, and even my home lab Synology is able to support SMB3.
Leasing is key for caching, so don’t use SMB 1.x or 2.0 (in fact you shouldn’t even enable the optional SMB 1.x feature on your PVS servers), and forget about any ‘oplock tuning’. Anything from SMB 2.1 onwards is fine with its defaults, but SMB 3.x brings added features that might be beneficial for you, such as ODX when taking copies of a vDisk file.

So it seems the only thing we need to do is to disable SMB 1.0 on PVS server. How to do it? Here is the link:

https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/2696547/detect-enable-disable-smbv1-smbv2-smbv3-in-windows-and-windows-server

Update Domain Controller to Windows Server 2016/2019 and move FSMO roles to new domain controller

I’m still using Windows 2012R2 as my home lab’s domain controller. Since MS released Windows Server 2019, so I think it’s the time to upgrade my test lab to Windows Server 2019.
The first server I want to upgrade is my domain controller.

Even though you can mount the ISO and click setup.exe to upgrade Domain Controller to Windows 2016/2019, but after a test, I found that this kind of “upgrade” is a fresh installation…If you upgrade your DC in this way, you will find after reboot, your DC is gone…You will only have a standalone server running windows 2016/2019 which is in a workgroup… I don’t know why MS permit people doing “upgrade” in this way and don’t show any warning message at all…

So how to upgrade DC to Windows 2016/2019 in the right way?

The right way is to build a new server, and prompt it to domain controller, and then move all FSMO roles to it.

1. Install a new Windows 2016/2019 Server.
2. Install “Active Directory Domain Services” on the server
3. Promote the server to a domain controller. Make sure you also installed DNS services on it.
4. Reboot the server.
5. Once the serer is up and running. Open Server Manager, then open “Active Directory Module for Windows PowerShell”
6. Run below command:

Move-ADDirectoryServerOperationMasterRole -Identity "DC2019" -OperationMasterRole 0,1,2,3,4

Press Y to move all FSMO roles to this server.
7. Run below command to make sure all FSMO roles are migrated to the new domain controller

Get-ADDomain
Get-ADForest

8. demote the old domain controller and then remove the old DC from domain. And then shut down the old DC
9. Change the new DC IP address to the Old one. Then run below command to make sure all DNS records are updated and also no error.

ipconfig/registerdns
dcdiag /fix

Analyzing Web Server Logs

Log files are not fun to look at. They are ugly, contain too much information, and often lead to massive headaches. Fortunately, these beasts can be tamed for more capacities than just debugging; they can used to generate wonderful reports that make sense. A number of programs are out there to analyze Web server logs, and this article will cast the spotlight in their direction.
 
Before evaluating the software packages, determine the type of data you wish to see. Although most of the software we looked at supports more than just Web server logs, this article discusses only Web server output. Log analysis programs can show everything from a list of IP addresses connected to the Web server to a pie chart detailing which files were accessed most often. The majority of popular Web log analysis tools try to make sense of every piece of data in the logs, but few succeed in making the data readable.
 
Some log file analysis packages cannot distinguish pertinent information from the raw log file itself. Displaying statistics in an aesthetically pleasing manner is a very important attribute. Every once in a while, user interface designers create a new paradigm, setting a standard that other designers attempt to emulate. Arguably, Apple has done this with its OS X desktop environment, and some Web log analysis programs do this better than others.
 
Webalizer is one popular log analysis tool. Many people prefer it because it is written in C and runs quite fast. The graphics, however, are not optimal. The gd graphics library supplies some readable charts, but they are not as aesthetically attractive as they could be. The reports themselves are sufficient for providing a quick glimpse of a few important data points; namely "what pages are accessed" and "how many hits are we getting." A wealth of information can be extracted from Web logs. When done properly, the information is not so overwhelming. Webalizer is adequate, but its mediocre graphics and lack of statistics, earn it a mere three stars in our five-star ad hoc award system.
 
Analog, favored by a small group of die-hard fans, is another worthy contender. Analog attempts to present everything, but it is an example of how to include too much information for normal human consumption. By default, everything is displayed on the same Web page. A navigation bar at the top allows users to click on a specific report, which drills down to another section of the page. Analog’s saving grace is the navigation bar at the top of each section, which simplifies the navigation — somewhat. Analog’s more interesting reports include listings of: how many hits come from each country (TLD, actually), search engine queries that brought users to the Web site, and which browsers and operating systems visitors used. The software is capable of presenting just about everything else derivable from Web server logs. The graphics are a slight improvement over Webalizer gd-based graphics, but the pie and bar charts still leave much to be desired. Because Analog includes much useful information, and the navigation isn’t completely unusable, we feel it deserves an apprehensive four out of five stars.
 
Summary is a commercial log analysis tool for which a 30-day trial is available. This package includes all possible information and lists options in a text Web page for users to click on. When you follow a link, for example, "Bandwidth Peak," you are brought to fairly decent Web page that lists bandwidth usage by time. A small bar graph accompanies each entry, but the graphics in Summary are quite minimal. Here, minimal is not a defect. Quite the contrary; Summary is really decent looking. However, the overall GUI is cumbersome, and it took us a good bit of time to browse to each report we wished to see. The cost of Summary is not prohibitive, and the reports are decent, albeit not awe-inspiring. We rate it four out of five.
 
No discussion of Web log analysis software would be complete without at least a nod to WebTrends. The sheer scope of WebTrends Web Log Analyzer (another commercial offering) earns it an honorable mention here. Its Web site makes the auspicious claim of increasing return on investment, and even asserts "This is Complete Web Analysis." Not surprisingly, WebTrends is not for organizations with skinny wallets. The online demos reflect how great GUI design should look, and it does indeed look great. The company’s claims of usability appear founded, and it has even included a way to access all of the information available from Web server logs. WebTrends has been around for more than a decade and plays nicely with IIS. We are giving it four out of five stars, based solely on what we learned in the product’s impressive Web-based demo.
 
The grail of log analysis, AWStats, is by far the best looking of all of the Free Web log analysis tools we’ve seen. AWStats is also the only Perl-based application on the list. Its graphics are superb, and its information is presented in an excellent manner. At a glance, users can view all available reports and navigate seamlessly between them. Many users will be amazed at the amount of detail the program can extract from the log files. Small browser icons and flags for various countries add to the already-pleasing GUI. AWStats includes all of the features mentioned above for other programs, and is in a readable format, to boot. We give it the full five stars.
 
Of course, there are countless other log analysis programs, but these are the more commonly deployed ones.
 
Compatibility, which is normally a key issue, is not a great concern when it comes to log analysis tools. The Apache Web server produces logs in a standardized format, called NCSA combined log files. IIS W3C conformant format is also supported by most of the analysis programs listed here.
 
In a later article, we will explore the other types of log files most of these programs can work on, including mail and FTP.

Symantec AntiVirus防病毒服务器安装配置使用指南

放入Symantec AntiVirus安装光盘自启动(或点击应用程序setup)后,选择“安装管理员工具”。如下图所示。
 
再选择“安装Symantec系统中心”。如下图所示。
 
下一步,安装Symantec System Center。如下图所示
 
 
安装完成后请重新启动操作系统。如下图所示。
 
重新启动操作系统后运行Symantec系统中心控制台。如下图所示。
 
在Symantec系统中心控制台,选择“工具”→“AV服务器分装”。如下图所示。
 
 
下一步,安装Symantec AntiVirus服务器。如下图所示。
 
 
 
下一步,选择计算机,将网络里的计算机添加到目标计算机中。如下图所示。
***注意这里您的计算机必须要联接网络***
 
 
 
下一步,键入您要建立的Symantec AntiVirus服务器组名称。如下图所示。
 
 
输入Symantec AntiVirus服务器组的密码。如下图所示。
 
下一步,选择服务器程序的运行方式。如下图所示。
 
完成安装进度后,点击关闭后AV服务器就分装完毕。如下图所示。
 
在Symantec系统中心控制台,选择“工具”→“搜索服务”。如下图所示。
在“搜索服务”属性里选择“立即清除缓存信息”确定,将您建立的Symantec AntiVirus服务器组名称搜索出来。如下图所示。
 
在Symantec系统中心控制台,选择您建立的Symantec AntiVirus服务器组名称,点击鼠标右键选择“解除服务器组的锁定”。如下图所示。
 
在Symantec系统中心控制台,选择您建立的Symantec AntiVirus服务器组名称,点击鼠标右键选择“使服务器成为一级服务器”。如下图所示。

 
在Symantec系统中心控制台,选择您建立的Symantec AntiVirus服务器组名称,点击鼠标右键选择“所有任务”→“Symantec AntiVirus” →“客户端管理员专用选项”及“服务器调整选项”,根据您的要求定义。如下图所示。
 
关于使用Web在线安装方式:
需要在Symantec AntiVirus防病毒服务器上安装IIS服务,在“默认网站”点击鼠标右键选择“新建”→“虚拟目录”。如下图所示。
 
 
 
创建虚拟目录完成后,需要在IIS中的 MIME类型里注册一下.ini和.dat文件扩展名。否则Web在线安装时会提示文件下载错误! 如下图所示。
 
 
完成IIS配置后,编辑服务器上的C:Program FilesSAVCLT-INSTWEBINST文件夹的start.htm文件,将VALUE=www.servername.com改为您的服务器地址,将VALUE="webinstall"改为您的服务器虚拟目录。如下图所示。
将服务器上C:Program FilesSAVCLT-INSTWIN32文件夹里的文件拷贝到C:Program FilesSAVCLT-INSTWEBINSTwebinst目录里,修改files.ini文件。
举例:
[General]
FileCount=8
LaunchApplication=Setup.exe
InstallOptions=/s /v"/qb"
[Files]
File1=GRC.DAT
File2=Setup.exe
File3=Setup.ini
File4=Data1.cab
File5=0x0804.ini
File6=VDefHub.zip
File7=instmsiw.exe
File8=Symantec AntiVirus.msi

完成Symantec AntiVirus防病毒服务器所有配置后,客户端安装只需打开浏览器输入http://服务器地址/虚拟目录/就可进行Web方式在线安装。如下图所示。

 
 

WinServer 2003 R2 RTM发布

        微软昨天(北京时间12月6日)宣布:Windows Server 2003 R2已经提供给PC厂商。Windows Server 2003 R2是操作系统Windows Server 2003的升级版。
在Windows Server 2003在升级了SP1的基础上,Windows Server 2003 R2在扩展连通性的时候充分利用了代码库的稳定性和安全性,并扩展到新的领域。Windows Server 2003 R2提供了Windows Server 2003 SP1的所有功能,这极大的改进了分公司服务器的解决方案,一致性和访问控制,存储安装和管理,还有在公司的传统范围内和外的应用程序开发。
 
  而且,Windows Server 2003 R2很容易整合到目前存在的Windows Server 2003环境中,因为它们像现存集成SP1的Windows Server 2003一样有相同的应用程序兼容性,可管理性和适用性。